How much do solar panels degrade each year?
Short answer
UK field studies measure roughly 0.5% to 1% output loss a year: a Sheffield Solar analysis of over 7,000 UK systems found about 0.8% a year, and a ten-year study of UK and Irish homes found 0.4% to 1.0%. Current warranties promise less, around 0.35% to 0.4% a year after the first year.
Last checked 24 September 2026 · 3 sources
In more detail
- Sheffield Solar (2015, >7,000 UK systems): mean degradation -0.8 +/-0.1 %/yr; mean performance ratio 83%.
- Dhimish (2020, 7 residential systems, 10 years): Ireland -0.4 to -0.6 %/yr; England -0.7 to -0.9 %/yr; Aberdeen/Glasgow -1.0 %/yr; average -0.74 %/yr.
- Those studies cover older (pre-2015) modules; modern n-type TOPCon/HJT/back-contact modules carry warranties of 0.35-0.40 %/yr after year 1.
- Monitoring apps rarely separate degradation from weather: compare kWh per kWp for the same month across years, or use a neighbouring reference.
- Faster loss (several % per year) points to a fault: PID, hot spots, cracked cells, failing optimiser or a string down.
The facts, dated
- 01Mean degradation of >7,000 UK distributed PV systems — -0.8 +/-0.1 %/yr
market_data · UK · checked 24 September 2026 · researchgate.net
- 02Average degradation of 7 UK/Irish residential systems over 10 years — -0.74 %/yr
market_data · UK · checked 24 September 2026 · eprints.whiterose.ac.uk
- 03Jinko Tiger Neo linear power warranty: 0.40%/yr, 87.4% after 30 years — 0.40 %/yr
manufacturer · n/a · checked 24 September 2026 · jinkosolarcdn.shwebspace.com
What we saw in the field
[QA review 2026-09-24] I-9 AGREES (conservative for current modules). | Earlier notes: Installer claim '80-85% output guaranteed after 25 years' matches older warranties (e.g. 80.7-84.8%); current premium warranties are higher (87.4% at 30 years Jinko; 84.8-89.4% JA Solar; AIKO 88.85% at 30 years). Measured UK degradation (~0.7-0.8%/yr) would leave ~80-83% after 25 years for older modules, so the claim is realistic for older kit and conservative for new.
Sources
- researchgate.net — www.researchgate.net/publication/283261428_Performance_of_Distributed_PV_in_the_…
- eprints.whiterose.ac.uk — eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/id/eprint/177727/1/Manuscript.pdf
- jinkosolarcdn.shwebspace.com — jinkosolarcdn.shwebspace.com/uploads/JKM565-585N-72HL4-(V)-F3-EN.pdf
Last checked: 24 September 2026